Otázka: British History from the 19th Century
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): adelao
- (1801) Act of Union creates the United Kingdom
- (1807) Britain abolishes the slave trade
VICTORIAN ERA (1837-1901)
- period of industrial, cultural, political and scientific change under the reign of Queen Victoria
- great expansion of the British Empire(covered almost a quarter of the Earth’s total land area)
- (1876) Queen Victoria is declared the Empress of India
- Boer Wars – British vs. Dutch farmers over the domination of South Africa region (British won)
- Great Famine (or Irish Potato Famine) – Irish were dependent on the potato which was devastated
by a potato disease (1 million people died and a million more emigrated) - (1901) Queen Victoria dies as the longest female monarch in history
WORLD WAR I (1914-1918)
- (1914) Britain declares war on Germany
- first use of new weapons, poison gas, tanks, aircraft
- The Battle of Jutland – the biggest naval battle of the war
INTERWAR PERIOD
- unemployment and poverty
- (1919-1921) Irish War of Independence –Irish Republican Army vs. British
- Anglo-Irish Treaty which resulted in partition of the island (Irish Free State)
- Australia, New Zealand, Canada and South Africa gain autonomy
- All women over the age of 21 get the vote
- Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
- (1931) Commonwealth of Nations (from 1949 just Commonwealth)
- (1937) George VI is crowned king
WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)
- (1939) Britain declares war on Germany in response to the invasion of Poland
- (1940) Winston Churchill (conservative) becomes prime minister
- Battle of Britain (air battle) – Luftwaffe (Germans) vs. Royal Air Force (British won)
- “Blitzkrieg war” – a tactic based on speed and surprise, designed to hit hard and move on instantly
- (1945) United Nations comes into existence with Britain as a founder member
POST-WAR ERA
- (1947) India gains independence
- (1948) Olympic Games in London
- (1952) Elizabeth II is crowned queen
- 1950s – higher standards of living (more motor cars, TVs, washing machines, etc.)
- (1956) First nuclear power station
- 1960s – increasingly tolerant and liberal attitudes, The Beatles
- (1973) UK joined EEC (now EU)
- (1979) Margaret Thatcher (conservative) becomes the first female prime minister
- (1997) Britain hands Hong Kong back to China
- (1997) Diana, Princess of Wales, dies in a car crash in Paris
- (1997) Tony Blair (Labour)
- (2007-2010) Gordon Brown (Labour)
- (2010- ) David Cameron (conservative)
- (2012) Olympic Games in London
