Otázka: Other English-speaking countries
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): zdvorak
Australia (Commonwealth of Australia)
1.basic facts
- Australia is located in the Southern Hemisphere
- country comprises the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans
- capital – Canberra
- biggest – Sydney
- population: about 25 mil.
- area: 7,7 mil. km2
- language: English
- flag: consists of Union Flag (Jack) Southern Cross constellation Commonwealth Star
- currency – Australian dollar
- anthem – Advance Australia Fair
- original inhabitants – Aborigines
2. political system
- constitutional monarchy
- form – federal parliamentary democracy
- independence on the 1 st January 1901
- part of commonwealth
- monarch – Queen Elizabeth II.
- represented by Governor-general – David Hurley
- 2 houses of parliament
- the senate
- House of Representatives
- 6 states + 2 territories
- each state- federal goverment
- 2 Territories
- Australian Capital Territory (ACT)- Canberra
- Northern territory- Darwin
- James Cook claimed Australia for Britain in 1770
- during 18 century Australia served for prison
3. geography
- smallest continent – 6th biggest country by area
- surrounded by Indian and Pacific Ocean
- along the east coast Great Barrier Reef – the biggest coral reef on the Earth
- most of people live in big towns along the east coast
- the central parts are mostly deserts
- dry and hot climate
- highest point – Kosciusko (about 2,000 metres high).
- longest river – Murray, Darling
- Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock
New Zealand
1. basic facts
- two islands in South Pacific
- 1600 km far from Australia
- original inhabitants – Maori
- population: 5 mil.
- capital – Wellington
- biggest – Auckland
- population 1,3 million
- 88% of people live in cities
- official languages: English and Maori
- the flag – Union Jack + 4 stars (southern cross)
- currency – NZ dollar
- national symbol – bird kiwi (Kiwis)
2. political system
- part of Commonwealth
- constitutional monarchy – parliamentary democracy
- the head – Queen Elizabeth II.
- her representative – Governor-General –
- head of government – prime minister – Jacinda Ardern
- parliament – 1 house – House of Representatives
3. geography
- 2 main islands – The North Island and South Island + several smaller islands
- North island
- volcanoes, hot springs, subtropical climate
- South Island
- larger than North Island, more mountainous, only ¼ of country population
- separated by Cook Strait
- highest mt. – Cook (3700m) – South I.
- longest river – Waikato ( North I.)
- endemits:
- a kiwi – flightless nocturnal bird, symbol of a country
- a kea – a parrot in the mountains, destroys everything
- a moa – flightless bird, has been hunted to extinction
- NZ suffers a lot from earthquakes
- more sheep than people
