Otázka: Poland
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): agatos
Official: Republic of Poland
Capital: Warsaw
Flag: 2 horizontal stripes: red on the bottom and white upstairs
Currency: zloty
1) Geography
– is country in Central Europe
– bordered by Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east, and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad a Russian exclave, to the north.
– Poland’s territory is a plain reaching from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Carpathian Mountains in the south. Within that plain, the land varies from east to west.
– The Polish Baltic coast is mostly smooth but has natural harbors in the Gdańsk-Gdynia region and Szczecin in the far northwest. The longest river in Poland, the „Vistula“ river, empties into the Baltic Sea. Other big rivers are the Oder River and the Warta.
– Poland has many lakes. The largest lakes are Śniardwy and Mamry in the Mazury Lake District.
– Farther south is the Polish mountain region. These mountains include the Sudetes and the Carpathian Mountains. The highest part of the Carpathians is the Tatra Mountains which is along Poland’s southern border. The tallest mountain in Poland, „Rysy“ at 2,503 m
2) Political system
Poland is a democracy, with a president as a head of state, whose current constitution dates from 1997. The government structure centers on the Council of Ministers, led by a prime minister. The president is elected by popular vote every five years. The president is Bronisław Komorowski. Polish voters elect a parliament consisting of a 460-member lower house (Sejm) and a 100-member Senate (Senat).
3)Tourism
Kraków- Cracow
The former country’s capital is one of the top tourist attractions in Europe. Most of the city guests are captivated by its magical atmosphere and the splendid architecture. In Krakow you can see mediaeval cathedrals, the Renaissance castle, Baroque churches, the Art Nouveau theatre and many other monuments. However old and beautiful it is, do not think that Krakow is limited to the monuments and museums. Thanks to an amazing density and variety of bars, pubs, clubs and restaurants, Krakow sparkles with life, especially during warm seasons.
Oświecim- Auschwitz
The small provincial town of Oswiecim better known under its German name “Auschwitz” was a witness to an enormous evil caused by mankind. During World War II in the largest Nazi extermination camp around 1.5 million people perished.
Czestochowa
is usually associated with Jasna Gora Monastery which is the biggest Marian sanctuary in the country.
Gdańsk- Danzig
The cheerful maritime city is popular with both tourist and holiday destination. Situated by the sea, it has a gentle climate and beautiful beaches. A famous seaside resort Sopot is nearby. The exclusive architecture of the Old Town, including the largest brick Gothic church in the world. The present image of the city was created by its complex history. Gdansk used to often change hands and in 1980 it witnessed the birth of the Solidarity movement, which brought the end of Communism.
4) Well-known people
Jan Paweł II
– Pope
– He have been a great promoter of Poland around the world
Marie Skłodowska–Curie
– was a physicist and chemist.
– She was an expert in the field of radioactivity.
– She was also the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.
– She was the first woman professor at the University of Paris as well as the first person to win two Nobel Prizes
Fryderyk Chopin
– was a Polish virtuoso pianist and composer.
– wrote piano sonatas two piano concertos, studies, ballades, nocturnes, mazurkas, polonaises, waltzes and a set of preludes.
Lech Wałęsa
– was a Polish shipyard worker and a politician who used to be the leader of Solidarity and the President of Poland, he won the Nobel Peace Prize
