Otázka: Prague
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): Denisa
Prague
– capital city of the Czech republic
– population 1.3 millions of people
– on the river Vltava
– is called mother of cities
– a city of 100 spires
– the heart of Europe
– some people called Prague the most beautiful city in Europe
History
– Prague has been the capital of the country since the Přemyslid´s in 10th century
– First it was the seat of Czech princes and later Czech kings
– The period of the highest prosperity was brought by king Charles IV. In 14th century
– He founded The New Town, university, Charles bridge and made Prague the capital of his empire which took parts Bohemia, Moravia, Germany and Poland
– About 200 years later Rudolf II. Made Prague in seat as capital of his empire
– He was supporter of art, science and culture
– He invited lots of educated people
– After Rudolf II. the importance of Prague declined
– In 1918 Prague became the capital of Czechoslovakia and merged with neighbouring Žižkov, Karlín and Královské Vinohrady
– During The 2.WW Prague was out of war operations and it wasn´t bombed either
– In 1945 it was liberated
– In 1968 it was invaded by Russians
– In 1989 there was velvet revolution
– In 1993 was Czechoslovakia split
The historical core
– consists of: OldTown
New Town
Hradčany
Lesser Town
Josefof(Jewish town)
Guide
When we get off of Central station we are very near to Venceslav square. Venceslav square is centre of The New Town. There are lots of banks, shops and institutions. On the top of square is National museum and the statue of Saint Venceslav created by Myslbek. Sow when we go downhill we come to Příkopy it is the most expensive street in city. When we turn to right we have on our left Stavovské theatre where famous opera Don Giovanni was performed for the first time and going on we come to Powder gate- a tower which originally was storage of gun powder. Next to Powder is The Municipal House built in the 19th century. By turning left we enter The Old Town and come to Old town square which is the centre of The Old Town. There are two churches: baroque St. Nicholas and gothic Tynský. In the middle there is the statue of John Hus and next to it is The Old town hall which astronomic clock are most popular touristical place and ,, a must see”. When we past The Old town hall and we continue to Charles Bridge. Charles Bridge connects The Old Town and The Lesser Town. In front of us is beautiful view. On left we have Kampa-specific small part of Lesser Town. When we continue uphill passing several embassies we come to Malostranské square. After we turn right we come to The Chamber of deputies and The Senate. Lesser town is full of palaces built of Czech nobility in 17th and 18th century. Today these palaces are mostly residences, ministries, embassies and state institutions. And when we continue uphill we come to the Prague castle. Prague castle consist of Royal palace, Saint Vitus cathedral, Saint George basilica and Golden lane. Josefof located next to OldTown is former Jewish town. This area contains six synagogues, The Kafka museum and The Old Jewish cemetery.
History:
885: Bořivoj moved to Prague and built a castle.
End of 10th century: Boleslav II built at Vyšehrad
1234: Old Town was founded.
1257: Small Quarter was founded.
14th century: Karel IV built university, cathedral, and New Town.
1618: Battle of White Mountain.
Today:
Prague is divided into 10 boroughs with a population of over 1,200,000. It covers an area of almost 500 sq. km.
Sights:
Hradčany: This area includes Prague Castle which consists of St. George Basilica (1142), Cathedral of St. Vitus ( 1344-1929), Royal Palace (11th century), and Golden Lane. Near Prague Castle are Burgrave´s Palace (an exhibition of toys), the Lobkovic Palace (history exhibition), The Museum of Military History, The Archbishop’s Palace, The Royal Gardens, Šternberk Palace (art collection), Černin Palace, Loreto, and Strahov Monastery (1140).
Malá Strana: St. Mikuláš (1702), Nerudova Street, Schönborn Palace (Kafka lived there, now American Embassy), Valdštejn Palace, Church of Marie Vítězna (Child of Prague), Petřín Hill with Eiffel Tower, Bridge Tower and Charles Bridge.
Staré Město: Charles Bridge (1357), St. Francis at the Bridge Tower, St. Saviour, Klementinum (1633), Old Town Square (Jan Hus Monument, Town Hall with Astronomical Clock (1338), St. Mikulás, Golz-Kinský Palace, Týn Church), Convent of St. Agnes (1233), Estates Theater (1783), Karolinum (Charles University) and Bethehem Chapel (where Jan Hus preached, rebuilt in 1950s).
Josefov: This is the Jewish area and contains 6 Synagogues (Pinkas Synagogue, Klaus Synagogue, Old-New Synagogue, High Synagogue, Maisl Synagogue, and Spanish Synagogue), the Jewish Town Hall, the Kafka Museum, the Old Jewish Cemetary, and the Rudolfinum.
Nové Město: Wenceslav Square (Wenceslav Monument, National Museum (1885-90), shrine to Jan Palach), National Theater (1868), Powder Tower (1500), Municipal House, Střelecký Island, and Slovanský Island.
Vyšehrad: Castle, St. Peter and Paul, Slavín Monument, and Vyšehrad Cemetery (Dvořák, Smetana).
Žižkov: Television Tower, Žižkov Hill with Žižkov Monuments, Olšany Cemetery, and the New Jewish Cemetery (Kafka).
Troja: Troja Chateau and the Zoo.
