Otázka: History of US
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): Honza Z.
Before the civilisation
- America was first populated by Native Americans (people migrating from Asia)
- They had been living there for about 50 000 years before Christopher Columbus came
- The first explorers were Vikings
- The first European to arrive was Christopher Columbus in 1492 and though he had landed in India
- Southwest of the country was colonized by Spain and France
- Most of the early colonizers were running from religious persecutions back home
American revolution
- 1775-1783, it was a conflict between the 13 colonies and Great Britain
- The first trouble started by taxation of sugar exported from GB in 1764 and later the infamous Stamp Act in 1765
- In 1776 the Boston massacre happened and from there it escalated into armed conflict and later on, rebellion
- George Washington was chosen as the general and with the help of France and Spain was able to win the war
- Constitution was signed in 1787 and in 1789 George Washington became the first president of USA
Industrial revolution
- Late 18th and early 19th century
- It had a direct impact on the agriculture and from mid-18th to mid-19th century the production increased significantly
- Many people could leave for the cities since they weren´t needed in the field
- Most popular invention from this time is the steam engine that powered pretty much anything at the time
- Railways, roads and canals were built and allowed easier movement of goods through the mostly (at the time) uninhabited land
- Americans invented the cotton gin (textile), interchangeable parts (machinery) and milling machine (woodwork)
- Mechanization of the shoe industry, watch industry and firearms industry
Civil war
- 1861-1865, tension between South and North grew due to the rights to own slaves
- South was heavily relaying on slave labour to produce cotton and tabaco, while the North was more industrialised and had no need for slaves
- South became Confederate states of America in 1860 and declared independence and the North formed the Union
- In 1863 the Emancipation proclamation was signed making slavery illegal
- The war was won by the Union but in at the end Abraham Lincoln was assassinated and the South was harshly punished for the war
Spanish-American War
- Was fought in 1898
- Due to Yellow journalism (exaggeration of information) the American people thought their ship got attacked near Cuba
- Government wanted to make Cuba their puppet and so they supported the revolution that was taking place there
- The war was over in just 6 months and most USA soldiers died from diseases
- The whole thing was led by Theodore Roosevelt
- The USA also won Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico from the Span
