Otázka: Education and school system
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): nikol
School system in the Czech Republic
In the CR, we have nine years of compulsory education from the age of 6 to 15 (or 16) years. All of children attend state school – they are free of charge or private school. All children have the same possibilities for thein future education. This system includes 4 grades:
Pre- school education
In our country, there are creche for children from the age of 1 to 3 years. From the age of 3 to 6 children may attend kindergarten, where they learn some basic skills like recognizing colours, animals, plants. This pre-school education is not compulsory.
Basic school
From the age of 6 to 15 (or 16) years children attend basic schools. There are 2 grades of basic school. The first grade is from the first to the fifth class. Children learn to read, write and count. After the first grade, pupils can also transfer to grammar school at the age of 11. The second grade is from the 6th to the 9th class. They have more specialized subject like languages, biology, chemistry, history.
Secondary studies
The traditional secondary school prepares students for university. We can focus on medical, art, economic or we can go to comprehensive school like me. All the secondary studies finish with a final school-leaving exam in the fourth year, which comprises four subjects. Two compulsory: Czech and a foreign language or math and two electives. In the our country we have vocational schools, which are 3 years long and students don’t have the school-leaving certificate.
Universities and colleges
Students have to pass entrance exams for study at universities. Education at universities and colleges lasts 4 to 6 years. The oldest university in the Czech republic is Charles University in Pratur. Charles University was set up by Charles the fourth in 1348. Other universities are Masaryk university in Brno, Palacký University in Olomouc and Turkyně University in Ústí nad Labem. The university study is finished with a state examination.
The academic year in the Czech republic starts on the 1st September and ends on the 30th June. There are several break throughout the year – autumn, Christmas, spring and easter. The longest holiday are Summer holiday.
School system in USA
There is not a national system of education, Each of the 50 states has its own laws regulating education. Children start their education in nursery schools and kindergartens which are up to age 5 or 6 years. Most of them are private. Compulsory education starts at the age of 6 and continue until the age of 18. Every child gets minimum 13 years of education free of charge. Secondary education is provided by Middle schools or High schools, which are often dividend into Junior High school from age of 12 to 15 years and High school from age of 15 to 18 years. The goal of high school is to get a high school diploma. Marks in most of US schools are A,B,C,D,E and F. A being excellent and F being unsuccessful. During the final year of high school, all of students take the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) which is a national college entrance examination. Universities in the USA: Harvard, Yale University, Princeton University, College of Columbia…
School system in Great Britain
School in the GB is compulsory for all children between the age of 5 and 16.
Pre-school education
It is the creches (to 3 years) and kindergartens from the age of 3 to 5 years. I tis not compulsory.
Primary education
It is infant schools from age of 5 to 7 years and junior school from the age of 7 to 11 years. Children learn to read, write and do simple count. At the age of 11 years students transfer from primary school to secondary school.
Secondary education
All of students go to Comprehensive schools. There are selected grammar school for gifted children with good result at primary school. Students can take final examinations at the age of 16 – these examinations are called CSE – Certificate of Secondary Education, or at the age of 18 – GCE – General Certificate of Education. There are two levels of examinations „O“ level – ordinary level, and „A“ level – advanced level. To enter a university „A“ level examinations are required.
Universities
There are more than 50 universities in Great Britain. The oldest universities are Oxford and Cambridge. Studying at the universities last between 2 and 4 years.
