Otázka: Education
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): M
Czech system
– school attendance – compulsory (6-15 years)
– mostly state schools, a few private and church schools (school fees)
– free of charge (until 19)
– coeducational school
– no uniforms
– school year – starts on 1st Spetember
– ends 30th June of the following year
– divided into two terms (September – January, Ferbuary – June)
– classes usually begin at 8 AM, there from 4 to 6 lessons in a row, followed by
lunch break (45 minutes), followed by afternoon classes (end at around 3 PM)
– breaks last from 5 to 10 minutes
– pupils and students are evaluated by marks from 1 to 5 into school report book
(excellent, very good, good, satisfactory, failure)
– at the end of each term students gain their school report with final marks from
subjects (compulsory, elective / optional)
– division of system of education into stages / grades:
– pre-school – provided by crèches (up to 3 years of age), nursery schools, kindergartens (3-6)
– primary schools (6-15)
– at the age og 15 – trasfer to secondary schools
– at the age of 11/13 – pupils can go to grammar school, but they have to pass entrance exams
– secondary schools (15-19) – last 4 years
– grammar schools – general, rather academic education, preparing students to universities
– special schools – include technical colleges (specialized in building, chemistry, engineering etc.), business academies, agricultural schools, nursing schools, music and art schools
– vocational schools – training for practical jobs
– school-leaving examinations (grammar and specialized schools)
– recquired by all universities and colleges
– consist of 4 subjects (Czech, one foreign language, 2 optional) at grammar schools, 5 and more subjects at specialized schools
– are held in May, except writing an essay in Czech (April)
– oral part takes about 2 hours – students choose one of 25 to 30 topics (drawing a number), 15 min preparation, 15 min examination (speaking on the topic, solving given tasks)
– after passing received School-Leaving Certificate
– terciary schools (universities and colleges) – 4-6 years
– secondary graduates can apply for as many universities as they want
– they usually have to pass entrance exams in subjects which is the university specialized in
– every large regional town in our country is a seat of university
– Charles University (Prague), Masaryk University (Brno), Palacký University (Olomouc), Purkyně University (Ústí), technical universities – ČVUT (Prague), VUT (Brno)
– variety of subjects (economics, foreign trade, architecture, law, journalism, the humanities, foreign languages, medicine, science, music, art, drama, engineering) at various schools
– students can enroll at courses (3-year course – Bachelor’s Degree,
5-year course – Master’s Degree)
– Doctoral Degree – another few years of studying
– studying is finished by state examination – writing a thesis, receiving a diploma
– full-time universities – bearing the expension of the tuition, paying for accomodation and board
– hall of residence (dorm) – accomodation for student from distant places
– scholarship – money for some students
Our school
– Masaryk Grammar School Vsetín lies in the centre of the town
– we can divide the school into 3 buildings:
– A – the newest building, school canteen
– B – the oldest building
– C – gymnasium, snack bar
– ground floor – gatehouse, a boiler room, a workshop, caretaker’s room
– other floors – long hallways with many doors leading to classrooms, teachers‘ offices,
laboratories, the head’s and deputy head’s offices, toilets, students‘ lockers
– decorated by pictures, flowers, notice-boards, cabinets
– information centre – school library, computers
– classroom – large windows opposite the door, 2-3 rows school desks and chairs with
aisles between, blackboard and shelf with chalk, sponge and cloth, teachr’s desk,
bookcase, notice-board, few pictures, portrait of the president, wash-basin,
mirror, basket
– special classrooms – chemistry, biology, physics laboratory, music and art room
– assembly hall
– lesson – after entering of a teacher, students stand up to greet him, the teacher makes
an entry in the class register (marks absent students) and then starts to teach
(explaining a new matter), teachers are supposed to follow the curriculum
– reasons of bad student performance – not paying attention, not doing homework
(copying in during the break), cutting classes, relying on one’s pretty face,
nervousness
– students can take part in after-school activities auch as singing in a choir, drama
club, sports club, film club, photographic club
– ski and waterman’s courses, excursion to Prague, school ball
– over 800 students, 60 teachers
British system
– diversity of types of schools
– most of state schools – administration is done by local education authorities
(LEAs), not by central government
– most of coeducational schools, but several single-sex schools
– compulsory (5-16)
– pre-school – nursery schools, playgroups (private, not for everybody)
– primary schools (5-11)
– infant schools (5-7)
– junior schools (7-11)
– secondary schools (11-16)
– mostly comprehensive schools – children of all abilities
– grammar school – accept only students who pass the examination eleven-plus
– at the age of 16 – national examinations called GCSEs (General Certificate of Secondary Education) – can be passed or failed, number of subjects depends on students
– sixth formers – students who want to continue studying
– do re-sits – do GCSEs again (only failed subjects)
– A level courses (Advanced level) – 2, 3, 4 subjects (2 years), preparation for
A level examination (at the age of 18) – similar to GCSEs but more difficult
– good grades will qualify students for entrance to universities or
improve their job prospects
– not all school have sixth form, there are also some special sixth form colleges
– public schools – private
– name from Middle Age – there was only clerical education,
public schools provided education to all children (for fees), not only priests
– boarding schools – students are accomodated here
– talented and able students (a few) without fees
– Eton, Harrow
– church schools (state and private)
– terciary schools
– universities (Oxford, Cambridge)
– polytechnics – similar to a university, but more job-related courses
– to study there it’s nessesary to pass A level examination
– undergraduate degrees – after 3-year studying
– BA – Bachelor of Arts (the humanities)
– BSc – Bachelor of Science
– BEd – Bachelor of Education
– postgraduate degrees – after 5 or 7-years studying
– MSc – Master of Science
– MA – Master of Arts
– PhD (DPhil) – Doctor of Philosophy
– DSc – Doctor of Science
– the school year is divided into 3 terms (autumn, spring, summer)
– broken by hlaf term holiday (one week)
– holidays – Christmas (3 weeks), Easter (2 weeks), summer (2 months)
– lessons start usually at 9 AM, finish at 3:30 PM
– lunch – mostly packed meal provided by parents, but also in school canteens
– uniforms (until 16 – then it depends on school)
– a blouse or shirt, a tie, a sweatshirt with the college logo
American system
– no uniform system of education for the whole country
– federal government has no control over administration ar curriculum
– each state – own system of education
– majority of schools are state (free of charge)
– some private schools (supported by church)
– main aim – education of masses
– marks – A, B, C, D, F
– pre-school – nersery schools, kinderkartens (5-6)
– private
– elementary schools (6-12) – 6 grades
– secondary schools (12-18) – comprehensive, coeducational
– junior high school (12-15)
– senior high school (15-18)
- freshman
- sophomore
- junior
- senior
– same timetable everyday
– The Scholastic Aplitude Test (SAT) – at final year of high school
– national college entrance examination (Maths, English)
– results decide about acceptance of students to colleges, universities
– higher education – junior colleges (18-20)
– universities – same system as in the UK, universities and colleges
– Harvard (the oldest one), Yale, Princeton, Columbia, George Washington
