Otázka: Cultural life and its entertainment
Jazyk: Angličtina
Přidal(a): Barbora
Culture is very important, because it´s characteristic style of specific period in human´s history. It involves architecture, paintings, sculpture, dance, drama and music but also a style of dressing and ideals of beauty.
Music, fine arts and architecture are inevitable parts of our everyday lives – they bring us beauty and joy. It´s arts that help us better understand the history and meaning of life.
ARCHITECTURE:
- When you will learn more about building, you will better understand history – castles, mansions, cottages, churches, palaces, chapels or other buildings are witnesses of the style of the historical period they were bulit in. They are result of political, religious, social and economic systems of those times.
Romanesque style: 11th – 13th centuries
- Painted walls, massive pillars, small rounded windowsand doors, round arches, later engraved doors vere included, basilicas, monasteries and rotundas were typical.
- famous buildings: St George Basilica in Prague, Durham Cathedral in England, rotunda on the Czech Mounain of Říp
Gothic style: 12th – 15th centuries
- Ribbed vaults, stone vaults and colorful stained – glass windows, churches, castles, cathedrals, stone bridges, town houses and town halls were bulit.
– famous buildings: St Vitus Cathedral in Prague, Notre Dame de Paris, Karlštejn, Křivoklát, Charles bridge, the Old Town Hall in Prague
– personalities: Peter Parler, Matthias of Arras
– Renaissance style: 15th – 16th centuries
Humanism – trusting in human instead of the God.
Renaissance (rebirth of life) was born in Italy as a result of new political, social and religious conditions.
- Buildings were smaller with simple fronts decorated withsgraffito and stucco, horizontal lines as well as square or rectangular doors and windows. Mansions, follies, palaces, town houses and churches were typical.
- famous buildings: the Castle in Telč, the towns of Slavonice and Litomyšl, the Belveder Palace in Prague and the banqueting house in London
- personalities: Michelangelo Buanarroti, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael Santi and Tiziano
Baroque style: 1600 – 1750
- Europe was beeing recatholised, the power of Church came to power again – return to God. Arts – death, poverty and hunger. Traditionals models full of beauty and magnificence, sense for luxurious details and exklusive decorations – curves and ovals made of gold and marble. Play of the light – based on contrasts between dark and light . Palaces, mansions, churches, town houses and monasteries.
- famous buildings: the Troja palace and Loreta in Prague, St Paul´s Cathedral in London and Moritzburg in Germany
- personalities: Matthias Bernard Braun, Ferdinand Brokoff, Crystopher and Kilian Ignaz Dienzenhofer, Velázques, Rembrandt van Rijn and Peter Paul Rubens
Rococo: 1730 – 1770
- Final stage of Baroque. Elegant and light features and cheerful decorations – s – curves, spiral forms and little decorations, pastel colours and things symbolising nature. Love scenes were also popular.
- famous buildings: the Kinsky Palace in Pargue, the Palace of Sanssouci in Germany
Classicism: 18th century – typical of the rule of the French king Louis XIV
- A time when reason was given priority over feelings. Drawing inspiration from ancient Greece. Straight lines, light colours and not so much of decorations. Theatres, spas, gates, triumph arches, mansions and fortifications.
- famous buildings: Theatre of Estate in Prague, Spa in Teplice, Františkovy Lázně, Brandebourg Gate in Berlin
Neobaroque, Neoghotic and Neorenaissance styles: during the 19th century
- Architects and artists returned to the previous styles.
- famous buildings: St Patrick´s Cathedral in NY, the House of Parliament in London, the National Museum and N. Theatre in Prague
Art Nouveau: 1895 – 1905
- New values and new rules applied to the arts, new materials – glass and clay. The main focus was on the details which symbolised nature – flowers and some beats for example.
– famous buildings: the Industrial Palace and Main Train Station n Prague and the Sagrada Familia Temple in Spain
MUSIC:
I think that music is with dance one of the oldest entertainment. The prehistoric people used sticks to made sounds andthen they were dancing around the fire. Mothers sings lullabies to the babies and today almost everyone have earphones and listens music everywhere – when they walk, waiting for something or someone or during doing some sport – for exemple running.
I am interested in a lots of kind of music – Depeche Mode, electric music, reggae but also jazz and swing.
You can produce music with some instrument like: guitar (electric), drums, flute ect. And also with the computers which have some programmes for making sounds. You can also sing or play on the glasses with water.
You can listen music from some technologies – today is the most use set a mobile phone, you can go to concerts or to some clubs, You can also hear music from radio.
– personalities: Ludwig van Beethoven, Mozart, Sebastian Bach, Smetana, Dvořák
DANCE:
Ballet, Disco dance, Street dance, Hip Hop – today, there are o lots of styles.
In the Czech republic we have one speciality – dancing classes. Its specially for 15 years old children (but it can be also for adults) where they are lerning how to dance for exemple: tango waltz, polka, rumba, samba, tango. At the and of the classes there are a ball where everyone have evening robes.
DRAMA:
I think that drama´s scene is now less popular, because displaced with film productions. You can go to theatre to see – opera, ballet, plays, musical. People are well dressed – its a gesture of a respect to actors. You will sit on seats in front of podium which are selected into the lines or you can sit on the boxes or balconies which are situated upper and you will have better view to the performance.
– you can speak about Shakespeare or other plays: Pygmalion, Noc na Karlštejně
FILM PRODUCTION:
If you wan´t to see the newest films you have to buy a ticket and go to the cinema, its good opportunity for some meetings. You can also watch the filmy at home in the television or on some Dvd´s.
– name your favorite films and actors or directors
LITERATURE:
Its the most important ,,memory“ of the mainkind. In the books are captured historical, fantasy, romantical, detective ect. stories. They bring to you posibility to escape from the reality and you can be for some moment- hero, godness, pirate, detective or dragon´s rider.
– name some favorite authors, or you can name english writting authors, or WS
ARTS:
It has very long history – from the cave´s paintings to the Street art.
I will speak about kind in which I am interested in.
- Impressionism: Typical is misty atmosphere and game with lights. Vincent van Gogh, Clude Monet and August Renoir are my favorite ones.
- from Romantic period a like art from Friedrich
- but in what I am interested the most is Modern Art
- From Fauvism Kees van Dongen, Roul Duffy
- From Kubism Picasso and Josef Čapek
- And also wll known abstracts artist Piet Mondrian
- Surrealistic painter Salvador Dalí
- Street art: today are very popular 3D pictures everywhere (but it´s mainly in the GB or USA or in other foreign countries – especially on the walls or on the gound, I can name Banksy, who created very beautiful art
- Bacon or Andy Warhol, choose twoor three painters in which you are interested in, there are some exemples
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